Arecoline upregulates CD155 expression to facilitate immune evasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma Background <p>Areca nut is the fourth most addictive substance worldwide and is a known Group 1 carcinogen. Chronic areca nut chewing has been strongly associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), although the underlying carcinogenic mechanisms remain unclear.</p> Methods <p>Employing spatial multiomics technology, we recently mapped the immune microenvironment of areca nut-associated OSCC and identified a marked… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
Biomimetic carbon nanopolymers ANM-NPs act on mannose receptors and complement receptors to promote tumor antigen presentation Background <p>Enhancing immunogenicity and antigen-presentation efficiency is critical for tumor vaccine development. While yeast-surface glycoprotein side chains can improve antigen presentation, their ability to deliver tumor antigens remains limited.</p> Methods <p>The composite carbon nanopolymers (Asparagine-N-acetylglucosamine-Mannose derived carbon nanopolymers, ANM-NPs) mimicking yeast-surface glycans side chains were prepared using asparagine, N-acetylglucosamine and mannose as precursors via microwave-assisted synthesis method. Combined with whole-cell… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
PD-L1 phenotype classification based on expression in tumor and immune cells as a potential biomarker for optimizing anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 immunotherapies in NSCLC Background <p>Compared with conventional chemotherapy, pembrolizumab-based chemoimmunotherapy (Pembro) and nivolumab plus ipilimumab with or without two cycles of platinum-doublet chemotherapy (Nivo+Ipi) improve survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, biomarkers for selecting optimal immunotherapy remain unclear. This study aimed to assess whether programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on tumor and immune cells (ICs) can guide first-line immunotherapy… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
Immuno-oncologic profiling of renal masses using multiparametric MRI: a pilot study Purpose <p>Preoperative characterization of renal mass malignancy, subtype, and immuno-oncologic pathology could inform and improve tailored management decisions. We examine multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) for (1) sensitivity to immuno-oncologic markers of the tumor immune microenvironment and (2) classification of tumor malignancy, subtype, and grade.</p> Methods and materials <p>In a prospective, institutional review board-approved single-center study, 40 patients (13 female/27 males, 60.4±10.7… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
Tempered signal strength via low-dose MEK inhibition optimizes therapeutic performance of engineered T cells Background <p>Optimizing T cell activation strength is emerging as a critical factor in improving adoptive cellular therapy (ACT). We previously reported that neoantigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) clonotypes from a patient with metastatic melanoma exhibited enhanced resilience to repeated stimulation when initially activated at moderate levels.</p> Methods <p>Building on these observations, we applied transient, low-dose MEK inhibition (MEKi) to fine-tune… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
Synergistic potential of sipuleucel-T in enhancing immunotherapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer <p>Clinical trials of immunotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have largely been unsuccessful despite promising preclinical studies and proven efficacy in other solid tumors. These disappointing clinical outcomes have been attributed to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, a relative lack of infiltrating immune effector cells, and tumor-related and host-related factors, which collectively render prostate cancer a relatively immunologically "cold" tumor.… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
Monitoring systemic immune responses to checkpoint inhibition in breast cancer reveals host responses and mechanisms of resistance Background <p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have improved survival in various cancers, but their success in breast cancer, specifically triple-negative breast cancer, remains limited, benefiting less than 10% of patients.</p> Methods <p>We modeled ICI response in vivo to unravel the mechanisms underlying immunotherapy efficacy, identify mechanisms of resistance in non-responsive tumors, and ascertain the therapeutic benefits of different chemotherapeutic combinations with… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
Evaluation of multi-antigen targeting ADCC strategies in pediatric BCP-ALL Background <p>Blinatumomab, inotuzumab or autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells have revolutionized the treatment of relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). However, tumor escape through antigenic modulation accounts for almost 40% of subsequent relapses. Multi-antigen targeting strategies should be developed, and it is urgent to identify new targets.</p> Methods <p>We investigated the extensive immunophenotyping of 13… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
PROTAC-based nanoantigens promote cross-presentation and trafficking of dendritic cell vaccine for enhanced antitumor efficacy Background <p>As the most powerful professional antigen-presenting cell, dendritic cells (DCs), can effectively activate tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses through antigen cross-presentation (XPT), which involves endosome escape and subsequent degradation by ubiquitin-proteasome system of the exogenous tumor antigen in cytosol. Unfortunately, this important function is often compromised in the tumor microenvironment.</p> Methods <p>To recover the function of DCs in the… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
Patterns of immune-related adverse events and treatment responses in adolescents and young adults with melanoma during initial and rechallenge immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy Background <p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly used in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer; however, data on treatment response, the frequency and pattern of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and the feasibility of ICI rechallenge after irAEs are limited.</p> Methods <p>This retrospective study included 136 AYAs (80 males and 56 females) who received ICI therapy for melanoma at our… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
Adoptive cell transfer therapy with ex vivo primed peripheral lymphocytes in combination with chemotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: the ImmunoBreast phase Ib clinical trial Background <p>Adoptive cell transfer-based immunotherapy holds promise for treating advanced cancer. However, a key challenge remains: generating sufficient numbers of lymphocytes capable of recognizing and targeting a broad range of cancer antigens. We recently developed Autologous Lymphoid Effector Cells Specific Against Tumor (ALECSAT), a novel procedure for selecting, expanding and maturing polyclonal lymphocytes from peripheral blood with the capacity to… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
rs10204525 binding to miR-4717-3p modulates PD-1 expression and predicts the development of immune-related adverse events in patients with advanced cancer treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy Background <p>Predictive biomarkers for anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy are needed. Here, we validated the role of PD-1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in predicting the development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients with advanced cancer treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1-based immunotherapy and defined the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of identified SNP candidate.</p> Methods… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
Aberrant lipid metabolism reshapes the immune landscape in bone metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma Background <p>Bone metastasis (BM) drives therapeutic resistance and mortality in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Tumor metabolites are crucial for NPC metastasis; however, the mechanisms by which these metabolites synergistically alter the immune microenvironment to promote BM remain unclear.</p> Methods <p>In this study, limited immune infiltration was observed in the NPC BM tumor microenvironment. Multiomics analysis has identified sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1)… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
In situ DC-primed vaccine combined with CD137 agonist elicits long-lasting antitumor immunity through cDC1-mediated tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses Background <p>Intratumoral vaccines offer a promising avenue in cancer immunotherapy by harnessing the tumor microenvironment to stimulate immune responses. However, challenges persist in maximizing their effectiveness and addressing immune suppression within tumors.</p> Methods <p>Conventional in situ vaccine (CisVac) and α-CD137 antibody were administered in implanted mouse models of lung and colon cancer to evaluate therapeutic efficacy. The initiation mechanism of… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
TIM-3 blockade enhances ex vivo stimulated allogeneic NK cell therapy for relapsed murine neuroblastoma after hematopoietic cell transplant Background <p>High-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NBL) is an aggressive tumor of the sympathetic nervous system with high risk of relapse and poor overall survival. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (allo-HCT) has been used previously in patients with HR-NBL; however, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and disease progression have limited clinical application. Ex vivo stimulated allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells represent an approach to enhance the… Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer December 14, 2025 Original source
Vitamin K2 Supplementation and Clinical Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients: A Meta-Analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis . <br /> Nutrition and Cancer Journal December 14, 2025 Original source
Imlunestrant with or without Abemaciclib in Advanced Breast Cancer: Updated Efficacy Results from the phase 3 EMBER-3 trial At the primary progression-free (PFS) analysis, the phase 3 EMBER-3 trial in endocrine pretreated patients with ER+, HER2- advanced breast cancer (ABC) demonstrated significant PFS benefit with imlunestrant vs. standard of care (SOC: fulvestrant or exemestane) in patients with ESR1 mutations (ESR1m) and with imlunestrant-abemaciclib vs. imlunestrant in all patients, regardless of ESR1m. Herein, we report updated efficacy from a… Annals of Oncology December 12, 2025 Original source
Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based tools in the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis <p>Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases, Published online: 12 December 2025; <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41391-025-01060-w">doi:10.1038/s41391-025-01060-w</a></p>Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based tools in the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis Prostate Cancer Journal December 12, 2025 Original source
Efficacy and safety of treatments for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer: A comprehensive network meta-analysis including final ARANOTE data <p>Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases, Published online: 09 December 2025; <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41391-025-01054-8">doi:10.1038/s41391-025-01054-8</a></p>Efficacy and safety of treatments for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer: A comprehensive network meta-analysis including final ARANOTE data Prostate Cancer Journal December 11, 2025 Original source
Characterizing population-wide genomic risk distribution for development of a novel clinical-genomic risk system for prognostication in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer <p>Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases, Published online: 09 December 2025; <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41391-025-01062-8">doi:10.1038/s41391-025-01062-8</a></p>Prostate cancer risk assessment traditionally involves consideration of clinical, pathologic, and genetic factors separately. Combining these factors into single risk assessment system may provide more accurate prediction of outcomes, thereby providing more nuanced and individualized risk prediction. Prostate Cancer Journal December 11, 2025 Original source