Targeting SPP1+TAMs associated with liver metastasis reverses immunosuppression and synergizes with immunotherapy in colorectal cancer

Background <p>Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are critically involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, yet their spatial and metabolic heterogeneity across primary and metastatic microenvironments remains poorly defined, limiting therapeutic development.</p> Methods <p>Integrated single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on 998,204 cells from a multicenter cohort encompassing primary CRC, adjacent normal tissue, liver and lymph node metastases, and peripheral blood. Computational analyses included…