Targeting macrophage-derived SPP1 enhances CD8 T cell infiltration via ROS-DNA fragment/cGAS-STING/STAT1-mediated CXCL9/10 in tumor microenvironment

Background <p>Elevated levels of SPP1⁺ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are associated with reduced CD8⁺ T cell infiltration and poorer prognosis in cancer patients, but direct evidence demonstrating a causal role for SPP1⁺ TAMs in excluding CD8⁺ T cells is still missing. The precise mechanisms by which SPP1-activated signaling pathways and macrophage-derived factors regulate CD8⁺ T cell trafficking remain poorly understood.</p> Methods…