USP2-mediated PPAR{gamma} stabilization promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression and M2 macrophage polarization via oleic acid

Background <p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive liver cancer with poor prognosis. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are critical regulators of tumor progression, yet the functional significance of DUBs in HCC remains poorly understood.</p> Methods <p>HCC patient-derived organoids (PDOs), HCC cell lines and animal models were used to evaluate the anticancer responses of ubiquitin-specific protease (USP)2 inhibition. We analyzed the correlation of…